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yum包管理器模块
1. 概要
yum模块通过yum包管理器来管理包。- 使用yum软件包管理器安装，升级，降级，删除和列出软件包和组。
- 该模块仅适用于Python2。如果需要Python 3支持，请参见
dnf模块。 - 主机上面必须安装
yum包管理器。 - 源码：https://github.com/ansible/ansible/blob/devel/lib/ansible/modules/yum.py
- 官方文档：https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/modules/yum_module.html
2. 参数
| 参数 | 可选值 | 默认值 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| allow_downgrade boolean | yes/no | no | 指定是否允许在已经安装有更高版本的情况下指定的软件包和版本降级处理。 请注意，设置allow_downgrade=True可使此模块以非幂等方式运行。 该任务最终可能会导致一组软件包与要安装的指定软件包的完整列表不匹配（因为降级的软件包与其他软件包之间的依赖关系可能导致对先前事务中的软件包进行更改）。 因此该操作很危险！！！ |
| autoremove boolean | yes/no | no | 是否自动删除所有“叶”软件包，这些软件包最初是作为用户安装的软件包的依赖项安装的，但不再是任何此类软件包所必需的。注意，该参数应该单独使用，或者与state=absent一起作用。此功能要求yum>=3.4.3(RHEL/CentOS 7+) |
| bugfix - | yes/no | no | 如果本参数设置为yes，并且state=latest，那么仅安装标准为bugfix相关的更新 |
| conf_file - | 用于事务的远程yum配置文件。 |
||
| disable_excludes - | 禁用YUM配置文件中定义的排除项。 如果设置为all，则禁用所有排除。 如果设置为main，则禁用yum.conf中[main]中定义的排除项。 如果设置为 repoid，则禁用为给定的 repo ID定义的排除项。 |
||
| disable_gpg_check boolean | yes/no | no | 是否禁用正在安装的软件包签名的GPG检查。 仅当状态state为present或latest时才有效。 |
| disable_plugin - | 要为安装/更新操作禁用的插件名称。 禁用的插件在事务处理之后将不存在。 | ||
| disablerepo - | 禁用指定存储库，这些存储库的设置只对当前事务有影响，并不会像yum-config-manager一样禁用仓库。如果有多个存储库，使用英文逗号分隔，从Ansible 2.7开始，可以使用列表代替。 | ||
| download_dir string | 指定用于存储软件包的备用目录。仅当指定了download_only时才有效。 |
||
| download_only boolean | yes/no | no | 仅下载包，但不安装。 |
| enable_plugin - | 需要启用进行安装/更新操作的插件名称。 启用的插件在事务之后不存在。 | ||
| enablerepo - | 需要启用有存储库，这些存储库的设置只对当前事务有影响，并不会像yum-config-manager一样启用仓库。如果有多个存储库，使用英文逗号分隔，从Ansible 2.7开始，可以使用列表代替。 | ||
| exclude - | 需要排除的包名称，仅当状态state为present或latest时才有效。 |
||
| install_weak_deps boolean | yes/no | yes | 安装通过弱依赖关系链接的所有软件包。 注意：此功能需要yum >= 4（RHEL/CentOS 8+） |
| installroot - | Default: "/" | 指定一个备用installroot，相对于该根节点，将安装所有软件包。 |
|
| list - | 要运行等效于yum list --show-duplicates <package>的软件包名称。 除了列出软件包外，还可以列出以下内容： installed已安装、updates更新、available可用、以及 repos存储库。 此参数与name互斥。 |
||
| lock_timeout integer | Default: 30 | 等待释放yum锁定文件的时间。 | |
| name list / elements=string | 带有版本的软件包名称或软件包说明符，例如name-1.0。 如果指定了以前的版本，则该任务还需要打开allow_downgrade。 有关降级软件包的注意事项，请参见allow_downgrade文档。 当使用state=latest时，它可以是*，这意味着运行yum -y update。 您还可以将url或本地路径传递给rpm文件(使用state=present)。要对多个软件包进行操作，可以接受英文逗号分隔的软件包字符串或软件包列表(从Ansible 2.0版开始)。 别名：pkg。 |
||
| releasever - | 指定安装所有软件包的替代版本。 | ||
| security boolean | yes/no | no | 如果设置为yes并且state=latest，则仅安装标记为安全相关的更新。 |
| skip_broken boolean | yes/no | no | 跳过依赖项已损坏的软件包，并抛出问题异常。 |
| state - | 可选值: absent installed latest present removed | 是否要安装(present or installed, latest)或移除(absent or removed)包装。 present和installed将仅确保已安装所需的软件包。 如果不是最新的可用版本，latest将更新指定的软件包。 absent和removed将删除指定的软件包。 默认值为None，但实际上默认动作为present，除非为此模块启用了autoremove自动删除选项，此时state=absent不存在。 |
|
| update_cache boolean | yes/no | no | 强制yum检查缓存是否过期，并在需要时重新下载。仅当状态state为present或latest时才有效。别名expire-cache。 |
| update_only boolean | yes/no | no | 使用latest最新版本时，仅更新安装的软件包。 不要安装软件包。 仅在状态为state=latest最新时才有效。 |
| use_backend - | 可选值: auto ← yum yum4 dnf | auto自动 |
这个模块支持yum，上游yum开发人员将其称为yum3/YUM3/yum-preprecated。从Ansible2.7+开始，此模块还支持YUM4，这是新的yum，并且具有dnf后端。默认情况下，此模块将基于“ansible_pkg_mgr”事实选择后端。 |
| validate_certs boolean | yes/no | yes | 仅当使用https网址作为rpm的源时才适用。 例如用于本地安装。 如果设置为no，则不会验证SSL证书。 当使用自签名证书的个人站点时，可以设置为no,这样可以避免验证源站点。 在Ansible 2.1之前的版本中，代码就像设置为yes一样工作。 |
3. 注意事项
- 当与
loop循环一起使用时，每个包将被单独处理。将列表直接传递给name选项会更有效。 - 在1.9.2之前的版本中，此模块分别安装和卸载给yum模块的每个软件包。当必须一起安装或删除由文件名或URL指定的程序包时，这会引起问题。在1.9.2中，此问题已修复，因此可以在一个yum事务中安装软件包。但是，如果其中一个软件包添加了其他软件包所来自的新yum存储库(例如epel-release)，则该软件包需要安装在单独的任务中。这模仿了yum的命令行行为。
- yum模块不支持以幂等的方式清除yum缓存，因此
yum模块不会自动清除yum缓存。唯一的方法是使用command命令模块直接调用yum命令，即yum clean all。 - 本模块中某些参数比较危险，不要随意测试！！！
- 本模块需要使用
root操作，因此需要使用become权限提升。
4. 返回值
| 键 | 何时返回 | 描述信息 |
|---|---|---|
| results list | 一直 | 相关包信息组成的列表,如"results": ["httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd is already installed"] |
| changes dict | 有变更时 | 安装或卸载的包的信息，如"changes": {"removed": ["MariaDB-client", "MariaDB-server"]} |
5. 官方示例
- name: install the latest version of Apache
yum:
name: httpd
state: latest
- name: ensure a list of packages installed
yum:
name: "{{ packages }}"
vars:
packages:
- httpd
- httpd-tools
- name: remove the Apache package
yum:
name: httpd
state: absent
- name: install the latest version of Apache from the testing repo
yum:
name: httpd
enablerepo: testing
state: present
- name: install one specific version of Apache
yum:
name: httpd-2.2.29-1.4.amzn1
state: present
- name: upgrade all packages
yum:
name: '*'
state: latest
- name: upgrade all packages, excluding kernel & foo related packages
yum:
name: '*'
state: latest
exclude: kernel*,foo*
- name: install the nginx rpm from a remote repo
yum:
name: http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
state: present
- name: install nginx rpm from a local file
yum:
name: /usr/local/src/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
state: present
- name: install the 'Development tools' package group
yum:
name: "@Development tools"
state: present
- name: install the 'Gnome desktop' environment group
yum:
name: "@^gnome-desktop-environment"
state: present
- name: List ansible packages and register result to print with debug later.
yum:
list: ansible
register: result
- name: Install package with multiple repos enabled
yum:
name: sos
enablerepo: "epel,ol7_latest"
- name: Install package with multiple repos disabled
yum:
name: sos
disablerepo: "epel,ol7_latest"
- name: Install a list of packages
yum:
name:
- nginx
- postgresql
- postgresql-server
state: present
- name: Download the nginx package but do not install it
yum:
name:
- nginx
state: latest
download_only: true6. 基础知识
我们可以使用yum命令来搜索或安装、卸载包，下面列出一些相关的命令：
yum search <packagename>搜索某个包yum search <packagename> --showduplicates搜索某个包时显示多个版本yum info <packagename>查看某个包的介绍信息rpm -qa|grep <packagename>搜索是否安装了某个包yum install <packagename> -y安装某个包
我们来试一下这些命令：
# 查看本机是否安装了httpd相关的包
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64
httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64
# 查看本机是否安装了mariadb相关的包
# 说明: mariadb是mysql的一个分支，可以实现mysql一样的功能
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb
MariaDB-client-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-compat-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-common-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-server-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64
# 查看是否安装了nginx相关的包
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep nginx
# 你可以使用下面的命令搜索httpd相关的包，显示的内容比较多，此处忽略
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum search httpd
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum search httpd --showduplicates
# 查看httpd包的介绍
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum info httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
ius 365/365
Installed Packages
Name : httpd
Arch : x86_64
Version : 2.4.6
Release : 93.el7.centos
Size : 9.4 M
Repo : installed
From repo : base
Summary : Apache HTTP Server
URL : http://httpd.apache.org/
License : ASL 2.0
Description : The Apache HTTP Server is a powerful, efficient, and extensible
: web server.
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 7. 使用临时命令
我们先来使用临时命令尝试运行一下yum模块的命令。
7.1 查看是否安装某软件
# 查看是否安装httpd包
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a 'name=httpd'
node1 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd is already installed"
]
}
[ansible@master ~]$
# 查看是否安装mysql包
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a 'name=mysql'
node1 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"MariaDB-client-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 providing mysql is already installed"
]
}
# 查看是否安装mariadb包
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a 'name=mariadb'
node1 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"MariaDB-client-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 providing mariadb is already installed"
]
}
[ansible@master ~]$ 7.2 查看多个软件包、软件包名大小写敏感
通过下面的示例可以看到软件包名大小写敏感，多个软件包之间使用英文逗号分隔开。
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a 'name=mariadb-server,MariaDB-client'
node1 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"MariaDB-server-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 providing mariadb-server is already installed",
"MariaDB-client-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 providing MariaDB-client is already installed"
]
}
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a 'name=mariadb-Server,MariaDB-Client'
node1 | FAILED! => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"msg": "No package matching 'mariadb-Server' found available, installed or updated",
"rc": 126,
"results": [
"No package matching 'mariadb-Server' found available, installed or updated"
]
}
[ansible@master ~]$
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a 'name=mariadb-server,MariaDB-Client'
node1 | FAILED! => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"msg": "No package matching 'MariaDB-Client' found available, installed or updated",
"rc": 126,
"results": [
"MariaDB-server-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 providing mariadb-server is already installed",
"No package matching 'MariaDB-Client' found available, installed or updated"
]
}
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a 'name=MariaDB-server,MariaDB-client'
node1 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"changed": false,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"MariaDB-server-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 providing MariaDB-server is already installed",
"MariaDB-client-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 providing MariaDB-client is already installed"
]
}
[ansible@master ~]$ 8. 使用剧本
下面我们主要使用httpd、nginx、mysql包来进行相关的测试。
首先，我们使用剧本来卸载httpd、nginx、mysql包。
8.1 卸载包
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 卸载包
- name: uninstall the Apache
yum:
name: httpd
state: absent
become: yes
# 卸载多个包
- name: uninstall the MariaDB
yum:
name:
- MariaDB-client
- MariaDB-server
state: absent
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [uninstall the Apache] *********************************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"removed": ["httpd"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-93.el7.centos will be erased\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd-mmn = 20120211x8664 for package: python36-mod_wsgi-4.6.2-2.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package python36-mod_wsgi.x86_64 0:4.6.2-2.el7.ius will be erased\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nRemoving:\n httpd x86_64 2.4.6-93.el7.centos @base 9.4 M\nRemoving for dependencies:\n python36-mod_wsgi x86_64 4.6.2-2.el7.ius @ius 1.1 M\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nRemove 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)\n\nInstalled size: 10 M\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Erasing : python36-mod_wsgi-4.6.2-2.el7.ius.x86_64 1/2 \n Erasing : httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \nwarning: file /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf: remove failed: No such file or directory\n Verifying : python36-mod_wsgi-4.6.2-2.el7.ius.x86_64 1/2 \n Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n\nRemoved:\n httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-93.el7.centos \n\nDependency Removed:\n python36-mod_wsgi.x86_64 0:4.6.2-2.el7.ius \n\nComplete!\n"]}
TASK [uninstall the MariaDB] ********************************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"removed": ["MariaDB-client", "MariaDB-server"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.5.4-1.el7.centos will be erased\n---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.5.4-1.el7.centos will be erased\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nRemoving:\n MariaDB-client x86_64 10.5.4-1.el7.centos @mariadb 65 M\n MariaDB-server x86_64 10.5.4-1.el7.centos @mariadb 129 M\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nRemove 2 Packages\n\nInstalled size: 194 M\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Erasing : MariaDB-server-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Erasing : MariaDB-client-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n Verifying : MariaDB-client-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Verifying : MariaDB-server-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n\nRemoved:\n MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.5.4-1.el7.centos \n MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.5.4-1.el7.centos \n\nComplete!\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=3 changed=2 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 我们再查检查一下,这些包是否已经卸载了:
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb
MariaDB-compat-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-common-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 可以看到,我们指定的包已经卸载了,Ansible并没有直接卸载相关的包。
8.2 安装包
::: tip 提示
脚本执行慢，半天没有响应，可能是软件包比较大，yum源比较慢，可以使用国内镜像源加速！！！
:::
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 确定包是否安装，如果没有安装则安装
- name: ensure a list of packages installed
yum:
name: "{{ packages }}"
vars:
packages:
- httpd
- httpd-tools
become: yes
# 确定包是否安装，如果没有安装则安装
- name: install the MariaDB-server and MariaDB-client
yum:
name:
- MariaDB-client
- MariaDB-server
state: installed
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [ensure a list of packages installed] ******************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["httpd"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd-tools is already installed", "Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-93.el7.centos will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n httpd x86_64 2.4.6-93.el7.centos base 2.7 M\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package\n\nTotal download size: 2.7 M\nInstalled size: 9.4 M\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 1/1 \n Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 1/1 \n\nInstalled:\n httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-93.el7.centos \n\nComplete!\n"]}
TASK [install the MariaDB-server and MariaDB-client] ********************************************
^C [ERROR]: User interrupted execution
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [ensure a list of packages installed] ******************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"changed": false, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd is already installed", "httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd-tools is already installed"]}
TASK [install the MariaDB-server and MariaDB-client] *****
----> 此处一直卡住不动，使用Ctrl+C取消任务了将state: installed改成再试一下state: present。
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 确定包是否安装，如果没有安装则安装
- name: ensure a list of packages installed
yum:
name: "{{ packages }}"
vars:
packages:
- httpd
- httpd-tools
become: yes
# 确定包是否安装，如果没有安装则安装
- name: install the MariaDB-server and MariaDB-client
yum:
name:
- MariaDB-client
- MariaDB-server
state: present
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [ensure a list of packages installed] ******************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"changed": false, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd is already installed", "httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd-tools is already installed"]}
TASK [install the MariaDB-server and MariaDB-client] ********************************************
----> 此处一直卡住不动
^C [ERROR]: User interrupted execution检查node1节点：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ ps -ef|grep yum
ansible 8810 8560 0 17:26 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh -c sudo -H -S -n -u root /bin/sh -c 'echo BECOME-SUCCESS-odsohwwtdtrntiohbyoosvefmaivzcee ; /usr/bin/python /home/ansible/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1597051573.01-5886-174205555753699/AnsiballZ_yum.py' && sleep 0
root 8826 8810 0 17:26 pts/1 00:00:00 sudo -H -S -n -u root /bin/sh -c echo BECOME-SUCCESS-odsohwwtdtrntiohbyoosvefmaivzcee ; /usr/bin/python /home/ansible/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1597051573.01-5886-174205555753699/AnsiballZ_yum.py
root 8827 8826 0 17:26 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh -c echo BECOME-SUCCESS-odsohwwtdtrntiohbyoosvefmaivzcee ; /usr/bin/python /home/ansible/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1597051573.01-5886-174205555753699/AnsiballZ_yum.py
root 8828 8827 0 17:26 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/bin/python /home/ansible/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1597051573.01-5886-174205555753699/AnsiballZ_yum.py
root 8829 8828 0 17:26 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/bin/python /bin/yum -d 2 -y install MariaDB-client MariaDB-server
ansible 8941 3603 0 17:28 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto yum
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 后台运行的程序一直没有终止，我们按Ctrl+C强制终止Ansible运行。
手动执行安装操作看一下：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum install MariaDB-client MariaDB-server -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.5.4-1.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.5.4-1.el7.centos will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=================================================================================================
Installing:
MariaDB-client x86_64 10.5.4-1.el7.centos mariadb 13 M
MariaDB-server x86_64 10.5.4-1.el7.centos mariadb 26 M
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================
Install 2 Packages
Total download size: 39 M
Installed size: 39 M
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for mariadb
(2/2): MariaDB-server-10.5.4-1.el 53% [============- ] 16 kB/s | 21 MB 00:19:22 ETA 可以看到，中间需要下载包，需要的时间比较长，00:19:22 ETA 提示还要19分钟，可能是因为这个原因导致我们认为Ansible卡住了。
我们重新运行剧本，但是把调试级别设置为-vv：
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -vv
ansible-playbook 2.9.9
config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
configured module search path = [u'/home/ansible/.ansible/plugins/modules', u'/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
executable location = /usr/bin/ansible-playbook
python version = 2.7.5 (default, Apr 2 2020, 13:16:51) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)]
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAYBOOK: yum.yml *******************************************************************************
1 plays in yum.yml
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
task path: /home/ansible/yum.yml:1
ok: [node1]
META: ran handlers
TASK [ensure a list of packages installed] ******************************************************
task path: /home/ansible/yum.yml:4
ok: [node1] => {"changed": false, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd is already installed", "httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd-tools is already installed"]}
TASK [install the MariaDB-client] ***************************************************************
task path: /home/ansible/yum.yml:14运行的过程中，我们查看一下node1节点上面的缓存文件：
[ansible@node1 packages]$ pwd
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mariadb/packages
[ansible@node1 packages]$ ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 09:42 MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 09:42 MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
[ansible@node1 packages]$ ll
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Aug 11 09:42 MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 11 09:42 MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
52K .
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
60K .
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
196K .
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
196K .
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
196K .
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
196K .
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
216K .
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
220K .
[ansible@node1 packages]$ du -sh
228K .可以看到，后台yum还在缓慢的下载文件！由于网速原因，下载比较慢。
经过漫长的等待，最终还是失败了！
TASK [install the MariaDB-client] ***************************************************************
task path: /home/ansible/yum.yml:14
fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "changes": {"installed": ["MariaDB-client", "MariaDB-server"]}, "msg": "http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttp://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\n\n\nError downloading packages:\n MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.\n\n", "rc": 1, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.5.5-1.el7.centos will be installed\n---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.5.5-1.el7.centos will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n MariaDB-client x86_64 10.5.5-1.el7.centos mariadb 13 M\n MariaDB-server x86_64 10.5.5-1.el7.centos mariadb 26 M\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 2 Packages\n\nTotal download size: 39 M\nInstalled size: 195 M\nDownloading packages:\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 我们更新一下node1节点上面的MariaDB的源为清华源，参考 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/mariadb/
修改后，MariaDB的源配置如下：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo
# MariaDB 10.5 CentOS repository list - created 2020-07-07 08:02 UTC
# http://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum//RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 再次执行剧本，成功执行：
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [ensure a list of packages installed] ******************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"changed": false, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd is already installed", "httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 providing httpd-tools is already installed"]}
TASK [install the MariaDB-client] ***************************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["MariaDB-client", "MariaDB-server"]}, "msg": "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\nhttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.5/centos7-amd64/rpms/MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')\nTrying other mirror.\n", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.5.5-1.el7.centos will be installed\n---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.5.5-1.el7.centos will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n MariaDB-client x86_64 10.5.5-1.el7.centos mariadb 13 M\n MariaDB-server x86_64 10.5.5-1.el7.centos mariadb 26 M\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 2 Packages\n\nTotal download size: 39 M\nInstalled size: 195 M\nDownloading packages:\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nTotal 154 kB/s | 39 MB 04:19 \nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Installing : MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n Verifying : MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Verifying : MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n\nInstalled:\n MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.5.5-1.el7.centos \n MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.5.5-1.el7.centos \n\nComplete!\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=3 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 然后我们在node1节点上面检查一下：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep MariaDB
MariaDB-compat-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-server-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-common-10.5.4-1.el7.centos.x86_64
MariaDB-client-10.5.5-1.el7.centos.x86_64
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 可以看到MariaDB-server和MariaDB-client安装成功了。
8.3 列出所有相关包
我们可以使用list参数来列出你想了解的某个包相关的可安裝的软件清单。
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 列出所有httpd相关的包
- name: List httpd* packages and register result to print with debug later.
yum:
list: httpd*
register: result
# 输出相关信息
- name: print the result
debug:
var: result
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [List httpd* packages and register result to print with debug later.] **********************
ok: [node1] => {"changed": false, "results": [{"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd-devel-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd-devel", "release": "93.el7.centos", "repo": "base", "version": "2.4.6", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd-itk-2.4.7.04-2.el7.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd-itk", "release": "2.el7", "repo": "epel", "version": "2.4.7.04", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "noarch", "envra": "0:httpd-manual-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.noarch", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd-manual", "release": "93.el7.centos", "repo": "base", "version": "2.4.6", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd-tools", "release": "93.el7.centos", "repo": "base", "version": "2.4.6", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-devel-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-devel", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "noarch", "envra": "0:httpd24u-filesystem-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.noarch", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-filesystem", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "noarch", "envra": "0:httpd24u-manual-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.noarch", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-manual", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_ldap-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-mod_ldap", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "1:httpd24u-mod_proxy_html-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "1", "name": "httpd24u-mod_proxy_html", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_security2-mlogc-2.9.2-1.ius.el7.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-mod_security2-mlogc", "release": "1.ius.el7", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.9.2", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_security2-mlogc-2.9.3-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-mod_security2-mlogc", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.9.3", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_security2-2.9.2-1.ius.el7.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-mod_security2", "release": "1.ius.el7", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.9.2", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_security2-2.9.3-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-mod_security2", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.9.3", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_session-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-mod_session", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "1:httpd24u-mod_ssl-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "1", "name": "httpd24u-mod_ssl", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_xsendfile-0.12-1.ius.el7.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-mod_xsendfile", "release": "1.ius.el7", "repo": "ius", "version": "0.12", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-tools-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u-tools", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd24u", "release": "1.el7.ius", "repo": "ius", "version": "2.4.41", "yumstate": "available"}, {"arch": "x86_64", "envra": "0:httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64", "epoch": "0", "name": "httpd", "release": "93.el7.centos", "repo": "base", "version": "2.4.6", "yumstate": "available"}]}
TASK [print the result] *************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => {
"result": {
"changed": false,
"failed": false,
"results": [
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd-devel-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd-devel",
"release": "93.el7.centos",
"repo": "base",
"version": "2.4.6",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd-itk-2.4.7.04-2.el7.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd-itk",
"release": "2.el7",
"repo": "epel",
"version": "2.4.7.04",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "noarch",
"envra": "0:httpd-manual-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.noarch",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd-manual",
"release": "93.el7.centos",
"repo": "base",
"version": "2.4.6",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd-tools",
"release": "93.el7.centos",
"repo": "base",
"version": "2.4.6",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-devel-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-devel",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "noarch",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-filesystem-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.noarch",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-filesystem",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "noarch",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-manual-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.noarch",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-manual",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_ldap-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_ldap",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "1:httpd24u-mod_proxy_html-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "1",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_proxy_html",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_security2-mlogc-2.9.2-1.ius.el7.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_security2-mlogc",
"release": "1.ius.el7",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.9.2",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_security2-mlogc-2.9.3-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_security2-mlogc",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.9.3",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_security2-2.9.2-1.ius.el7.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_security2",
"release": "1.ius.el7",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.9.2",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_security2-2.9.3-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_security2",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.9.3",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_session-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_session",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "1:httpd24u-mod_ssl-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "1",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_ssl",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-mod_xsendfile-0.12-1.ius.el7.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-mod_xsendfile",
"release": "1.ius.el7",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "0.12",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-tools-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u-tools",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd24u",
"release": "1.el7.ius",
"repo": "ius",
"version": "2.4.41",
"yumstate": "available"
},
{
"arch": "x86_64",
"envra": "0:httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64",
"epoch": "0",
"name": "httpd",
"release": "93.el7.centos",
"repo": "base",
"version": "2.4.6",
"yumstate": "available"
}
]
}
}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=3 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 可以看到列出了很多httpd相关的包了！
8.4 下载包但不进行安装
我们可以使用临时命令(如ansible node1 -b -m yum -a 'name=nginx download_only=yes download_dir=softs/nginx/')也可以使用剧本进行包的下载。
使用download_dir指定下载目录时，这个目录可以不用存在，Ansible会自动创建这个目录。
我们现在来使用剧本下载安装包。
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 下载包不指定下载目录
- name: Download the nginx package but do not install it
yum:
name:
- nginx
state: latest
download_only: yes
become: yes
# 下载包指定下载目录，指定目录可以不用存在
- name: Download the nginx package but do not install it specified download_dir
yum:
name:
- nginx
state: latest
download_only: yes
download_dir: softs/not_exist_dir/
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$
# 剧本规范检查时，提示403异常，不建议安装最新的包
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[403] Package installs should not use latest
yum.yml:4
Task/Handler: Download the nginx package but do not install it
[403] Package installs should not use latest
yum.yml:13
Task/Handler: Download the nginx package but do not install it specified download_dir
[ansible@master ~]$ 我们可以使用以下方法将403异常忽略掉。
[ansible@master ~]$ cat > .ansible-lint << EOF
> skip_list:
> - '403'
> EOF
[ansible@master ~]$ cat .ansible-lint
skip_list:
- '403'
[ansible@master ~]$ 然后再进行检查：
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [Download the nginx package but do not install it] *****************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["nginx"], "updated": []}, "msg": "", "obsoletes": {"iwl7265-firmware": {"dist": "noarch", "repo": "@anaconda", "version": "22.0.7.0-69.el7"}}, "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-all-modules = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: redhat-indexhtml for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos will be installed\n---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-image-filter = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-perl = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-mail = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-stream = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: gd for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository\n Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n nginx x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 562 k\nInstalling for dependencies:\n centos-indexhtml noarch 7-9.el7.centos base 92 k\n gd x86_64 2.0.35-26.el7 base 146 k\n gperftools-libs x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 base 272 k\n libXpm x86_64 3.5.12-1.el7 base 55 k\n nginx-all-modules noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 19 k\n nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 21 k\n nginx-mod-http-image-filter x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 30 k\n nginx-mod-http-perl x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 39 k\n nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 29 k\n nginx-mod-mail x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 57 k\n nginx-mod-stream x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 84 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package (+11 Dependent packages)\n\nTotal download size: 1.4 M\nInstalled size: 4.1 M\nBackground downloading packages, then exiting:\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nTotal 117 kB/s | 1.4 MB 00:12 \nexiting because \"Download Only\" specified\n"]}
TASK [Download the nginx package but do not install it specified download_dir] *********************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["nginx"], "updated": []}, "msg": "", "obsoletes": {"iwl7265-firmware": {"dist": "noarch", "repo": "@anaconda", "version": "22.0.7.0-69.el7"}}, "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-all-modules = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: redhat-indexhtml for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos will be installed\n---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-image-filter = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-perl = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-mail = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-stream = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\n---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: gd for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository\n Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n nginx x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 562 k\nInstalling for dependencies:\n centos-indexhtml noarch 7-9.el7.centos base 92 k\n gd x86_64 2.0.35-26.el7 base 146 k\n gperftools-libs x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 base 272 k\n libXpm x86_64 3.5.12-1.el7 base 55 k\n nginx-all-modules noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 19 k\n nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 21 k\n nginx-mod-http-image-filter x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 30 k\n nginx-mod-http-perl x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 39 k\n nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 29 k\n nginx-mod-mail x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 57 k\n nginx-mod-stream x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 84 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package (+11 Dependent packages)\n\nTotal download size: 1.4 M\nInstalled size: 4.1 M\nBackground downloading packages, then exiting:\nexiting because \"Download Only\" specified\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=3 changed=2 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 我们在node1节点上面检查一下，可以看到：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ ls -lah /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/{base,epel}/packages/
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/:
total 572K
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 175 Aug 11 12:12 .
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 278 Aug 11 09:37 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 92K Jul 4 2014 centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 146K Jul 4 2014 gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 273K Apr 25 2018 gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56K Aug 11 2017 libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/:
total 868K
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4.0K Aug 11 12:12 .
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4.0K Aug 11 09:37 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 562K Oct 4 2019 nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20K Oct 4 2019 nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21K Oct 4 2019 nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 30K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 39K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 57K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 85K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[ansible@node1 ~]$ ls -lah softs/not_exist_dir/
total 1.5M
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Aug 11 12:12 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 27 Aug 11 12:12 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 92K Jul 4 2014 centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 146K Jul 4 2014 gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 273K Apr 25 2018 gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56K Aug 11 2017 libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 562K Oct 4 2019 nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20K Oct 4 2019 nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21K Oct 4 2019 nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 30K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 39K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 57K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 85K Oct 4 2019 nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 当不指定下载目录时，yum会将依赖包下载到各自的仓库对应的缓存目录下，而指定目录时，会将所有的依赖包都下载到指定目录中。
8.5 安装指定版本软件
我计划升级一下httpd版本到比较新的2.4.41版本。
# 查看当前安装的版本
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64
httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64
# 查看一下，可升级的版本
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum list httpd24u
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Available Packages
httpd24u.x86_64 2.4.41-1.el7.ius ius
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 现在我们尝试使用剧本来安装新版本。
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 安装指定版本的软件包
- name: install one specific version of Apache
yum:
name: httpd24u-2.4.41
state: present
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [install one specific version of Apache] ***************************************************
fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "changes": {"installed": ["httpd24u-2.4.41"]}, "msg": "Error: httpd24u-tools conflicts with httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64\nError: httpd24u conflicts with httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64\n", "rc": 1, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd24u.x86_64 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd24u-filesystem = 2.4.41-1.el7.ius for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd24u-filesystem = 2.4.41-1.el7.ius for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd24u-tools = 2.4.41-1.el7.ius for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libnghttp2.so.14()(64bit) for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libbrotlienc.so.1()(64bit) for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libapr15uutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libapr15u-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package apr15u.x86_64 0:1.5.2-2.ius.el7 will be installed\n---> Package apr15u-util.x86_64 0:1.5.4-3.ius.el7 will be installed\n---> Package brotli.x86_64 0:1.0.7-5.el7 will be installed\n---> Package httpd24u-filesystem.noarch 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius will be installed\n---> Package httpd24u-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius will be installed\n---> Package libnghttp2.x86_64 0:1.33.0-1.1.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Conflict: httpd24u-tools-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64 conflicts httpd-tools < 2.4.41-1.el7.ius\n--> Processing Conflict: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64 conflicts httpd < 2.4.41-1.el7.ius\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem\n You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 可以看到，因为软件包存在冲突，安装指定软件包失败！Ansible不会自动帮我们删除之前的旧版本的软件包。
因此我们先把旧版本的软件包删除，然后再安装。
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 卸载旧版本的Apache
- name: uninstall the older Apache
yum:
name:
- httpd
- httpd-tools
state: absent
become: yes
# 安装指定版本的软件包
- name: install one specific version of Apache
yum:
name:
- httpd24u-2.4.41
state: present
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [uninstall the older Apache] ***************************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"removed": ["httpd", "httpd-tools"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-93.el7.centos will be erased\n---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-93.el7.centos will be erased\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nRemoving:\n httpd x86_64 2.4.6-93.el7.centos @base 9.4 M\n httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-93.el7.centos @base 168 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nRemove 2 Packages\n\nInstalled size: 9.5 M\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Erasing : httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Erasing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2 \n Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 \n\nRemoved:\n httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-93.el7.centos httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-93.el7.centos \n\nComplete!\n"]}
TASK [install one specific version of Apache] ***************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["httpd24u-2.4.41"]}, "msg": "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/7/x86_64/packages/a/apr15u-1.5.2-2.ius.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#7 - \"Failed to connect to 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1: Network is unreachable\"\nTrying other mirror.\nhttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/7/x86_64/packages/a/apr15u-util-1.5.4-3.ius.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#7 - \"Failed to connect to 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1: Network is unreachable\"\nTrying other mirror.\nhttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/b/brotli-1.0.7-5.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#7 - \"Failed to connect to 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1: Network is unreachable\"\nTrying other mirror.\n", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package httpd24u.x86_64 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd24u-filesystem = 2.4.41-1.el7.ius for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd24u-filesystem = 2.4.41-1.el7.ius for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: httpd24u-tools = 2.4.41-1.el7.ius for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libnghttp2.so.14()(64bit) for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libbrotlienc.so.1()(64bit) for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libapr15uutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: libapr15u-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package apr15u.x86_64 0:1.5.2-2.ius.el7 will be installed\n---> Package apr15u-util.x86_64 0:1.5.4-3.ius.el7 will be installed\n---> Package brotli.x86_64 0:1.0.7-5.el7 will be installed\n---> Package httpd24u-filesystem.noarch 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius will be installed\n---> Package httpd24u-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius will be installed\n---> Package libnghttp2.x86_64 0:1.33.0-1.1.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n httpd24u x86_64 2.4.41-1.el7.ius ius 1.4 M\nInstalling for dependencies:\n apr15u x86_64 1.5.2-2.ius.el7 ius 112 k\n apr15u-util x86_64 1.5.4-3.ius.el7 ius 93 k\n brotli x86_64 1.0.7-5.el7 epel 318 k\n httpd24u-filesystem noarch 2.4.41-1.el7.ius ius 27 k\n httpd24u-tools x86_64 2.4.41-1.el7.ius ius 90 k\n libnghttp2 x86_64 1.33.0-1.1.el7 epel 68 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package (+6 Dependent packages)\n\nTotal download size: 2.1 M\nInstalled size: 6.5 M\nDownloading packages:\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nTotal 62 kB/s | 2.1 MB 00:34 \nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : apr15u-1.5.2-2.ius.el7.x86_64 1/7 \n Installing : apr15u-util-1.5.4-3.ius.el7.x86_64 2/7 \n Installing : httpd24u-tools-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64 3/7 \n Installing : libnghttp2-1.33.0-1.1.el7.x86_64 4/7 \n Installing : httpd24u-filesystem-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.noarch 5/7 \n Installing : brotli-1.0.7-5.el7.x86_64 6/7 \n Installing : httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64 7/7 \n Verifying : httpd24u-tools-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64 1/7 \n Verifying : brotli-1.0.7-5.el7.x86_64 2/7 \n Verifying : apr15u-util-1.5.4-3.ius.el7.x86_64 3/7 \n Verifying : apr15u-1.5.2-2.ius.el7.x86_64 4/7 \n Verifying : httpd24u-filesystem-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.noarch 5/7 \n Verifying : httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64 6/7 \n Verifying : libnghttp2-1.33.0-1.1.el7.x86_64 7/7 \n\nInstalled:\n httpd24u.x86_64 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius \n\nDependency Installed:\n apr15u.x86_64 0:1.5.2-2.ius.el7 \n apr15u-util.x86_64 0:1.5.4-3.ius.el7 \n brotli.x86_64 0:1.0.7-5.el7 \n httpd24u-filesystem.noarch 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius \n httpd24u-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.41-1.el7.ius \n libnghttp2.x86_64 0:1.33.0-1.1.el7 \n\nComplete!\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=3 changed=2 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 可以看到，旧的版本被卸载掉，新的版本安装成功，我们检查一下：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep httpd
httpd24u-filesystem-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.noarch
httpd24u-tools-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64
httpd24u-2.4.41-1.el7.ius.x86_64
[ansible@node1 ~]$ httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.41 (IUS)
Server built: Aug 25 2019 19:41:04可以看到，httpd已经成功升级了！
8.6 仓库的禁用
我们可以通过以下命令查看当前我们系统有哪些yum仓库：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 10,070
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,425
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 413
ius/x86_64 IUS for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 365
mariadb MariaDB 92
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 1,112
repolist: 25,477
[ansible@node1 ~]$
# 查看nginx cowsay lua53u信息可知它们位于epel、ius仓库中
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum info nginx cowsay lua53u
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Available Packages
Name : cowsay
Arch : noarch
Version : 3.04
Release : 4.el7
Size : 42 k
Repo : epel/x86_64
Summary : Configurable speaking/thinking cow
URL : https://github.com/tnalpgge/rank-amateur-cowsay
License : GPLv3+
Description : cowsay is a configurable talking cow, written in Perl. It operates
: much as the figlet program does, and it written in the same spirit
: of silliness.
: It generates ASCII pictures of a cow with a message. It can also generate
: pictures of other animals.
Name : lua53u
Arch : x86_64
Version : 5.3.4
Release : 1.ius.el7
Size : 184 k
Repo : ius/x86_64
Summary : Powerful light-weight programming language
URL : http://www.lua.org/
License : MIT
Description : Lua is a powerful light-weight programming language designed for
: extending applications. Lua is also frequently used as a
: general-purpose, stand-alone language. Lua is free software.
: Lua combines simple procedural syntax with powerful data description
: constructs based on associative arrays and extensible semantics. Lua
: is dynamically typed, interpreted from bytecodes, and has automatic
: memory management with garbage collection, making it ideal for
: configuration, scripting, and rapid prototyping.
Name : nginx
Arch : x86_64
Epoch : 1
Version : 1.16.1
Release : 1.el7
Size : 562 k
Repo : epel/x86_64
Summary : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
URL : http://nginx.org/
License : BSD
Description : Nginx is a web server and a reverse proxy server for HTTP, SMTP, POP3 and
: IMAP protocols, with a strong focus on high concurrency, performance and low
: memory usage.
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 为了防止出现异常操作，我们先备份一下仓库的配置文件。
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo cp -r /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d.bak
[ansible@node1 ~]$ ls /etc/yum.repos.d*
/etc/yum.repos.d:
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo ius.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel.repo MariaDB.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo epel-testing.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d.bak:
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo ius.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel.repo MariaDB.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo epel-testing.repo
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 我们可以直接使用yum-config-manager来管理仓库是否禁用。
# 禁用epel仓库
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum-config-manager --disable epel
# 查看epel仓库状态，显示disabled表示禁用
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum repolist epel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id repo name status
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 disabled
repolist: 0
[ansible@node1 ~]$
# 查看epel仓库配置文件，可以看到enabled=0
[ansible@node1 ~]$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch/debug
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/SRPMS
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
[ansible@node1 ~]$
# 启用epel仓库
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum-config-manager --enable epel
# 查看epel仓库状态，没有显示disabled，表示已经启用了
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum repolist epel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id repo name status
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,425
repolist: 13,425
# 查看epel仓库配置文件，可以看到enabled=1
[ansible@node1 ~]$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch/debug
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/SRPMS
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 现在我们尝试使用disablerepo来禁用某个仓库。
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 禁用某些仓库时，来安装包
- name: install packages with disable some repo
yum:
name:
- nginx
- cowsay
- lua53u
disablerepo:
- epel
- ius
state: installed
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [install packages with disable some repo] **************************************************
fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "No package matching 'nginx' found available, installed or updated", "rc": 126, "results": ["No package matching 'nginx' found available, installed or updated"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 第一次运行，我们禁用了epel和ius仓库，此时，nginx包没有找到，因为nginx包是在epel仓库中。所以说明禁用生效了。
现在，假如我们不安装epel和ius仓库的软件，安装base仓库中的at包：
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 禁用某些仓库时，来安装包
- name: install packages with disable some repo
yum:
name:
- at
# - nginx
# - cowsay
# - lua53u
disablerepo:
- epel
- ius
state: installed
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [install packages with disable some repo] **************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["at"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirrors.cn99.com\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package at.x86_64 0:3.1.13-24.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n at x86_64 3.1.13-24.el7 base 51 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package\n\nTotal download size: 51 k\nInstalled size: 95 k\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : at-3.1.13-24.el7.x86_64 1/1 \n Verifying : at-3.1.13-24.el7.x86_64 1/1 \n\nInstalled:\n at.x86_64 0:3.1.13-24.el7 \n\nComplete!\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 可以看到at安装成功。此时我们查看一下epel和ius仓库状态：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum repolist epel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id repo name status
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,425
repolist: 13,425
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum repolist ius
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id repo name status
ius/x86_64 IUS for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 365
repolist: 365
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 可以看到，并没有被禁用！
下面我尝试在剧本中安装一个在上一个任务中被禁用的仓库里面的包：
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 禁用某些仓库时，来安装包
- name: install packages with disable some repo
yum:
name:
- at
# - nginx
# - cowsay
# - lua53u
disablerepo:
- epel
- ius
state: installed
become: yes
# 安装指定版本的软件包
- name: install package before task disable repo
yum:
name:
- lua53u
state: present
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [install packages with disable some repo] **************************************************
ok: [node1] => {"changed": false, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["at-3.1.13-24.el7.x86_64 providing at is already installed"]}
TASK [install package before task disable repo] *************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["lua53u"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirrors.cn99.com\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package lua53u.x86_64 0:5.3.4-1.ius.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: lua53u-libs(x86-64) = 5.3.4-1.ius.el7 for package: lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: liblua-5.3.so()(64bit) for package: lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package lua53u-libs.x86_64 0:5.3.4-1.ius.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n lua53u x86_64 5.3.4-1.ius.el7 ius 184 k\nInstalling for dependencies:\n lua53u-libs x86_64 5.3.4-1.ius.el7 ius 111 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)\n\nTotal download size: 295 k\nInstalled size: 782 k\nDownloading packages:\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nTotal 40 kB/s | 295 kB 00:07 \nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : lua53u-libs-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64 1/2 \n Installing : lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64 2/2 \n Verifying : lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64 1/2 \n Verifying : lua53u-libs-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64 2/2 \n\nInstalled:\n lua53u.x86_64 0:5.3.4-1.ius.el7 \n\nDependency Installed:\n lua53u-libs.x86_64 0:5.3.4-1.ius.el7 \n\nComplete!\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=3 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 此时，可以看到，虽然第一个任务禁用了ius仓库，但并不影响第二个任务，因此第二个任务中正常安装了ius仓库中的lua53u软件。
现在我们可以看出，我们使用disablerepo禁用仓库，只对某一具体的任务有效，相互之间并无关联。
8.7 仓库的启用
我们先卸载一下我们刚才安装的lua53u软件。
# 查看lua相关的包
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep lua
lua53u-libs-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64
lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64
lua-5.1.4-15.el7.x86_64
# 卸载包
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum remove lua53u lua53u-libs -y
# 再次查看lua相关的包
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep lua
lua-5.1.4-15.el7.x86_64我们可以通过sudo yum repo-pkgs ius list|more命令来查看ius仓库中有哪些包：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum repo-pkgs ius list|grep tmux
tmux2.x86_64 2.9a-2.el7.ius ius
[ansible@node1 ~]$
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum info tmux2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.cn99.com
* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Available Packages
Name : tmux2
Arch : x86_64
Version : 2.9a
Release : 2.el7.ius
Size : 329 k
Repo : ius/x86_64
Summary : A terminal multiplexer
URL : https://tmux.github.io/
License : ISC and BSD
Description : tmux is a "terminal multiplexer." It enables a number of terminals (or
: windows) to be accessed and controlled from a single terminal. tmux is
: intended to be a simple, modern, BSD-licensed alternative to programs such
: as GNU Screen.
[ansible@node1 ~]$我们可以知道tmux2在ius仓库中。
现在我们先使用yum-config-manager命令把ius仓库禁用掉。
# 禁用ius仓库
# 启用的话，使用sudo yum-config-manager --enable ius
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum-config-manager --disable ius
# 查看ius仓库状态
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum repolist ius
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id repo name status
ius/x86_64 IUS for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 disabled
repolist: 0
# 因为ius仓库被禁用了，所以此时lua53u查找不到
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum info lua53u
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Error: No matching Packages to list
# 因为ius仓库被禁用了，所以此时tmux2查找不到
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum info tmux2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Error: No matching Packages to list
[ansible@node1 ~]$
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep lua
lua-5.1.4-15.el7.x86_64
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep tmux现在我们使用剧本来安装这两个软件。
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 启用某个仓库来安装的软件包
- name: install package with enable some repo
yum:
name:
- lua53u
enablerepo: ius
state: present
become: yes
# 不启用ius仓库来安装ius仓库的软件包
- name: install package without enable some repo
yum:
name:
- tmux2
state: present
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [install package with enable some repo] ****************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["lua53u"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\n * base: mirrors.cn99.com\n * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn\n * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package lua53u.x86_64 0:5.3.4-1.ius.el7 will be installed\n--> Processing Dependency: lua53u-libs(x86-64) = 5.3.4-1.ius.el7 for package: lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64\n--> Processing Dependency: liblua-5.3.so()(64bit) for package: lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package lua53u-libs.x86_64 0:5.3.4-1.ius.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n lua53u x86_64 5.3.4-1.ius.el7 ius 184 k\nInstalling for dependencies:\n lua53u-libs x86_64 5.3.4-1.ius.el7 ius 111 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)\n\nTotal download size: 295 k\nInstalled size: 782 k\nDownloading packages:\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nTotal 41 kB/s | 295 kB 00:07 \nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : lua53u-libs-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64 1/2 \n Installing : lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64 2/2 \n Verifying : lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64 1/2 \n Verifying : lua53u-libs-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64 2/2 \n\nInstalled:\n lua53u.x86_64 0:5.3.4-1.ius.el7 \n\nDependency Installed:\n lua53u-libs.x86_64 0:5.3.4-1.ius.el7 \n\nComplete!\n"]}
TASK [install package without enable some repo] *************************************************
fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "No package matching 'tmux2' found available, installed or updated", "rc": 126, "results": ["No package matching 'tmux2' found available, installed or updated"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 此时可以看到，任务install package with enable some repo因为使用了enablerepo: ius参数，启用了ius仓库，所有成功安装了lua53u，而任务install package without enable some repo因为没有启用ius仓库，所以此时找不到tmux2这个包，安装失败！
我们此时在node1节点上面检查一下：
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep lua
lua53u-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64
lua53u-libs-5.3.4-1.ius.el7.x86_64
lua-5.1.4-15.el7.x86_64
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep tmux
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum repolist ius
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id repo name status
ius/x86_64 IUS for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 disabled
repolist: 0
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 可以看到lua53u软件已经成功安装，tmux2仍然没有被安装，而ius仓库仍然是disabled禁用状态。说明enablerepo参数并不会更改远程主机yum的仓库禁用、启用设置，只是临时生效。与disablerepo类似，只在该参数相关的任务中才会生效！
8.8 通过远程仓库安装包
我们也可以直接指定远程仓库路径来安装包，但这个时候需要自己先找到包的地址：
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
# 通过远程仓库安装包
- name: install the nginx rpm from a remote repo
yum:
name:
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/c/cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarch.rpm
state: present
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [install the nginx rpm from a remote repo] *************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["/home/ansible/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1597138865.18-15356-68319093869251/cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarchYJ7zdE.rpm"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nExamining /home/ansible/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1597138865.18-15356-68319093869251/cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarchYJ7zdE.rpm: cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarch\nMarking /home/ansible/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1597138865.18-15356-68319093869251/cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarchYJ7zdE.rpm to be installed\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package cowsay.noarch 0:3.04-4.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n cowsay noarch 3.04-4.el7 /cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarchYJ7zdE 77 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package\n\nTotal size: 77 k\nInstalled size: 77 k\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarch 1/1 \n Verifying : cowsay-3.04-4.el7.noarch 1/1 \n\nInstalled:\n cowsay.noarch 0:3.04-4.el7 \n\nComplete!\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 最后记得将原来禁用的仓库启用一下。
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum-config-manager --enable ius
[ansible@node1 ~]$ yum repolist ius
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
repo id repo name status
ius/x86_64 IUS for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 365
repolist: 365
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 说明ius仓库启用成功。
8.9 通过本地rpm文件安装软件
之前我们通过yum只下载不安装下载了nginx的安装包以及期依赖包。
# 查看下载到的依赖包以及nginx的安装包
[ansible@node1 ~]$ ls softs/not_exist_dir/
centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm
gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
# 我们通过命令行尝试安装nginx，可以看到nginx有依赖包需要安装
[ansible@node1 ~]$ sudo yum install nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
ius | 1.3 kB 00:00:00
mariadb | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/9): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:05
(2/9): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:07
(3/9): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 95 kB 00:00:15
(4/9): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:15
(5/9): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 206 kB 00:00:05
(6/9): mariadb/primary_db | 66 kB 00:00:06
(7/9): ius/x86_64/primary | 98 kB 00:00:06
(8/9): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.8 MB 00:00:07
(9/9): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:07
ius 365/365
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-all-modules = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: redhat-indexhtml for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-image-filter = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-perl = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-mail = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-stream = 1:1.16.1-1.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch
---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: gd for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed
---> Package nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=================================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 562 k
Installing for dependencies:
centos-indexhtml noarch 7-9.el7.centos base 92 k
gd x86_64 2.0.35-26.el7 base 146 k
gperftools-libs x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 base 272 k
libXpm x86_64 3.5.12-1.el7 base 55 k
nginx-all-modules noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 19 k
nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 21 k
nginx-mod-http-image-filter x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 30 k
nginx-mod-http-perl x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 39 k
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 29 k
nginx-mod-mail x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 57 k
nginx-mod-stream x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 epel 84 k
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+11 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 1.4 M
Installed size: 4.1 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: n
Exiting on user command
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:
yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.2020-08-12.10-07.KSKndJ.yumtx
[ansible@node1 ~]$ 我们通过本地下载的安装包安装nginx:
[ansible@master ~]$ cat yum.yml
- hosts: node1
vars:
local_soft_dir: /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir
tasks:
# 通过本地rpm包安装软件
- name: install nginx rpm from a local file
yum:
name:
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"
# gd的依赖
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm"
# nginx-all-modules的依赖
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"
# nginx的依赖
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm"
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm"
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm"
- "{{ local_soft_dir }}/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"
state: present
become: yes
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-lint yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook --syntax-check yum.yml
playbook: yum.yml
[ansible@master ~]$ ansible-playbook yum.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] ************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [install nginx rpm from a local file] ******************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "changes": {"installed": ["/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm", "/home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm"]}, "msg": "", "rc": 0, "results": ["Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm: 1:nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm to be installed\nExamining /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\nMarking /home/ansible/softs/not_exist_dir/nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos will be installed\n---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 will be installed\n---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n---> Package nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n centos-indexhtml\n noarch 7-9.el7.centos /centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch 90 k\n gd x86_64 2.0.35-26.el7 /gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 542 k\n gperftools-libs\n x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 /gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 1.3 M\n libXpm x86_64 3.5.12-1.el7 /libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 114 k\n nginx x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 /nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 1.6 M\n nginx-all-modules\n noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 /nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch 0.0 \n nginx-filesystem\n noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 /nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch 0.0 \n nginx-mod-http-image-filter\n x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 /nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n 24 k\n nginx-mod-http-perl\n x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 /nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 54 k\n nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter\n x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 /nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64\n 24 k\n nginx-mod-mail\n x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 /nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 99 k\n nginx-mod-stream\n x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 /nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 171 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 12 Packages\n\nTotal size: 4.1 M\nInstalled size: 4.1 M\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch 1/12 \n Installing : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 2/12 \n Installing : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch 3/12 \n Installing : libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/12 \n Installing : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 5/12 \n Installing : 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 6/12 \n Installing : 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 7/12 \n Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 8/12 \n Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 9/12 \n Installing : 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 10/12 \n Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 11/12 \n Installing : 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch 12/12 \n Verifying : libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/12 \n Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 2/12 \n Verifying : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch 3/12 \n Verifying : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 4/12 \n Verifying : 1:nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch 5/12 \n Verifying : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 6/12 \n Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 7/12 \n Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 8/12 \n Verifying : 1:nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 9/12 \n Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 10/12 \n Verifying : centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch 11/12 \n Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64 12/12 \n\nInstalled:\n centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos \n gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 \n gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 \n libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 \n nginx.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 \n nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 \n nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.16.1-1.el7 \n nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 \n nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 \n nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 \n nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 \n nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.16.1-1.el7 \n\nComplete!\n"]}
PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ~]$ 可以看到，所有的包都是从本地进行安装的，这个需要注意的是，安装过程中需要注意安装的顺序，先安装依赖包，依赖包安装完成后再安装nginx。
在node1节点上面检查，可以发现nginx包安装成功，并且可以查看到nginx的版本信息。
[ansible@node1 ~]$ rpm -qa|grep nginx
nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch
nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
nginx-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-1.el7.noarch
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-1.el7.x86_64
[ansible@node1 ~]$ nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.16.1
[ansible@node1 ~]$yum模块其他的参数，官方也没有给出示例，用得也比较少，我们就不去理会。
你可以了解一下yum_repository模块 ( https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/modules/yum_repository_module.html )来管理远程主机的yum仓库。