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pip 模块 - 管理 python 库依赖
1. 概述
- 官方文档: https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/builtin/pip_module.html
- 要运行本模块，需要远程主机安装有
pip、virtualenv和setuptools。
2. 参数说明
| 参数 | 可选值 | 默认值 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
chdir |
path，运行命令前切换到该目录 |
||
editable |
true/false | false | boolean，是否传递可编辑标志。 |
executable |
path，pip 可执行程序路径。 |
||
extra_args |
string, 附加参数 |
||
name |
list，需要安装的 Python 库的名称。 |
||
requirements |
string, 远程 requirements 文件路径 |
||
state |
absent/forcereinstall/latest/present | present | string, 状态 |
umask |
string, 执行命令前改变 umask，如 0022 |
||
version |
string, 指定包的版本信息 |
||
virtualenv |
path,virtualenv 虚拟环境安装目录 |
||
virtualenv_command |
virtualenv | path, 创建虚拟环境所使用的命令或命令路径。如 pyvenv, virtualenv, virtualenv2, ~/bin/virtualenv, /usr/local/bin/virtualenv |
|
virtualenv_python |
string, 虚拟环境所使用的 python 可执行文件，如 python3.5、python2.7 |
||
virtualenv_site_packages |
yes/no | no | boolean, 是否虚拟环境继承全局的 site-packages 目录。对已经存在的虚拟环境没有作用。 |
3. 官方示例
# Install (Bottle) python package. - pip: name: bottle # Install (Bottle) python package on version 0.11. - pip: name: bottle==0.11 # Install (bottle) python package with version specifiers - pip: name: bottle>0.10,<0.20,!=0.11 # Install multi python packages with version specifiers - pip: name: - django>1.11.0,<1.12.0 - bottle>0.10,<0.20,!=0.11 # Install python package using a proxy - it doesn't use the standard environment variables, please use the CAPITALIZED ones below - pip: name: six environment: HTTP_PROXY: '127.0.0.1:8080' HTTPS_PROXY: '127.0.0.1:8080' # Install (MyApp) using one of the remote protocols (bzr+,hg+,git+,svn+). You do not have to supply '-e' option in extra_args. - pip: name: svn+http://myrepo/svn/MyApp#egg=MyApp # Install MyApp using one of the remote protocols (bzr+,hg+,git+). - pip: name: git+http://myrepo/app/MyApp # Install (MyApp) from local tarball - pip: name: file:///path/to/MyApp.tar.gz # Install (Bottle) into the specified (virtualenv), inheriting none of the globally installed modules - pip: name: bottle virtualenv: /my_app/venv # Install (Bottle) into the specified (virtualenv), inheriting globally installed modules - pip: name: bottle virtualenv: /my_app/venv virtualenv_site_packages: yes # Install (Bottle) into the specified (virtualenv), using Python 2.7 - pip: name: bottle virtualenv: /my_app/venv virtualenv_command: virtualenv-2.7 # Install (Bottle) within a user home directory. - pip: name: bottle extra_args: --user # Install specified python requirements. - pip: requirements: /my_app/requirements.txt # Install specified python requirements in indicated (virtualenv). - pip: requirements: /my_app/requirements.txt virtualenv: /my_app/venv # Install specified python requirements and custom Index URL. - pip: requirements: /my_app/requirements.txt extra_args: -i https://example.com/pypi/simple # Install specified python requirements offline from a local directory with downloaded packages. - pip: requirements: /my_app/requirements.txt extra_args: "--no-index --find-links=file:///my_downloaded_packages_dir" # Install (Bottle) for Python 3.3 specifically,using the 'pip3.3' executable. - pip: name: bottle executable: pip3.3 # Install (Bottle), forcing reinstallation if it's already installed - pip: name: bottle state: forcereinstall # Install (Bottle) while ensuring the umask is 0022 (to ensure other users can use it) - pip: name: bottle umask: "0022" become: True
4. 剧本的使用
为了测试 pip 模块的使用，我们先检查一下节点 1 上面的 pip 版本信息以及安装的包信息：
[root@node1 ~]# python3 -V Python 3.6.8 [root@node1 ~]# whereis pip pip: /usr/bin/pip3.6 [root@node1 ~]# pip3 --version pip 9.0.3 from /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6) [root@node1 ~]# pip3 list pip==9.0.3 setuptools==39.2.0 [root@node1 ~]# cat ~/.pip/pip.conf [global] index-url = http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/simple trusted-host = mirrors.tencentyun.com [list] # Select the output format among: legacy (default), columns, freeze or json format = freeze [root@node1 ~]#
可以看到，node1 节点已经安装了 python3.6.8，对应的 pip 版本是 pip 9.0.3，并且 pip 配置了腾讯云的镜像加速。
4.1 安装 flask 包
尝试安装 flask 包：
[ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ cat pip.yml - hosts: node1 tasks: - name: Install python package ansible.builtin.pip: name: flask become: yes [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-lint pip.yml [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-playbook pip.yml -v Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file PLAY [node1] *********************************************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************* ok: [node1] TASK [Install python package] ****************************************************************************************** fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "Unable to find any of pip2, pip to use. pip needs to be installed."} PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************* node1 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$
可以看到，安装失败，提示未找到 pip2 命令。而我们节点上面使用的是 pip3。
指定使用 pip3 作为可执行程序，再进行安装，可以看到安装成功：
[ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ cat pip.yml - hosts: node1 tasks: - name: Install python package ansible.builtin.pip: name: flask executable: pip3 become: yes [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-lint pip.yml [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-playbook pip.yml -v Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file PLAY [node1] *********************************************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************* ok: [node1] TASK [Install python package] ****************************************************************************************** changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "cmd": ["/bin/pip3", "install", "flask"], "name": ["flask"], "requirements": null, "state": "present", "stderr": "WARNING: Running pip install with root privileges is generally not a good idea. Try `pip3 install --user` instead.\n", "stderr_lines": ["WARNING: Running pip install with root privileges is generally not a good idea. Try `pip3 install --user` instead."], "stdout": "Collecting flask\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/cd/77/59df23681f4fd19b7cbbb5e92484d46ad587554f5d490f33ef907e456132/Flask-2.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (95kB)\nCollecting click>=7.1.2 (from flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/4a/a8/0b2ced25639fb20cc1c9784de90a8c25f9504a7f18cd8b5397bd61696d7d/click-8.0.4-py3-none-any.whl (97kB)\nCollecting itsdangerous>=2.0 (from flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/9c/96/26f935afba9cd6140216da5add223a0c465b99d0f112b68a4ca426441019/itsdangerous-2.0.1-py3-none-any.whl\nCollecting Jinja2>=3.0 (from flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/20/9a/e5d9ec41927401e41aea8af6d16e78b5e612bca4699d417f646a9610a076/Jinja2-3.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (133kB)\nCollecting Werkzeug>=2.0 (from flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/f4/f3/22afbdb20cc4654b10c98043414a14057cd27fdba9d4ae61cea596000ba2/Werkzeug-2.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (289kB)\nCollecting importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\" (from click>=7.1.2->flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/a0/a1/b153a0a4caf7a7e3f15c2cd56c7702e2cf3d89b1b359d1f1c5e59d68f4ce/importlib_metadata-4.8.3-py3-none-any.whl\nCollecting MarkupSafe>=2.0 (from Jinja2>=3.0->flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/fc/d6/57f9a97e56447a1e340f8574836d3b636e2c14de304943836bd645fa9c7e/MarkupSafe-2.0.1-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl\nCollecting dataclasses; python_version < \"3.7\" (from Werkzeug>=2.0->flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/fe/ca/75fac5856ab5cfa51bbbcefa250182e50441074fdc3f803f6e76451fab43/dataclasses-0.8-py3-none-any.whl\nCollecting zipp>=0.5 (from importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\"->click>=7.1.2->flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/bd/df/d4a4974a3e3957fd1c1fa3082366d7fff6e428ddb55f074bf64876f8e8ad/zipp-3.6.0-py3-none-any.whl\nCollecting typing-extensions>=3.6.4; python_version < \"3.8\" (from importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\"->click>=7.1.2->flask)\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/45/6b/44f7f8f1e110027cf88956b59f2fad776cca7e1704396d043f89effd3a0e/typing_extensions-4.1.1-py3-none-any.whl\nInstalling collected packages: zipp, typing-extensions, importlib-metadata, click, itsdangerous, MarkupSafe, Jinja2, dataclasses, Werkzeug, flask\nSuccessfully installed Jinja2-3.0.3 MarkupSafe-2.0.1 Werkzeug-2.0.3 click-8.0.4 dataclasses-0.8 flask-2.0.3 importlib-metadata-4.8.3 itsdangerous-2.0.1 typing-extensions-4.1.1 zipp-3.6.0\n", "stdout_lines": ["Collecting flask", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/cd/77/59df23681f4fd19b7cbbb5e92484d46ad587554f5d490f33ef907e456132/Flask-2.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (95kB)", "Collecting click>=7.1.2 (from flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/4a/a8/0b2ced25639fb20cc1c9784de90a8c25f9504a7f18cd8b5397bd61696d7d/click-8.0.4-py3-none-any.whl (97kB)", "Collecting itsdangerous>=2.0 (from flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/9c/96/26f935afba9cd6140216da5add223a0c465b99d0f112b68a4ca426441019/itsdangerous-2.0.1-py3-none-any.whl", "Collecting Jinja2>=3.0 (from flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/20/9a/e5d9ec41927401e41aea8af6d16e78b5e612bca4699d417f646a9610a076/Jinja2-3.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (133kB)", "Collecting Werkzeug>=2.0 (from flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/f4/f3/22afbdb20cc4654b10c98043414a14057cd27fdba9d4ae61cea596000ba2/Werkzeug-2.0.3-py3-none-any.whl (289kB)", "Collecting importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\" (from click>=7.1.2->flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/a0/a1/b153a0a4caf7a7e3f15c2cd56c7702e2cf3d89b1b359d1f1c5e59d68f4ce/importlib_metadata-4.8.3-py3-none-any.whl", "Collecting MarkupSafe>=2.0 (from Jinja2>=3.0->flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/fc/d6/57f9a97e56447a1e340f8574836d3b636e2c14de304943836bd645fa9c7e/MarkupSafe-2.0.1-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl", "Collecting dataclasses; python_version < \"3.7\" (from Werkzeug>=2.0->flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/fe/ca/75fac5856ab5cfa51bbbcefa250182e50441074fdc3f803f6e76451fab43/dataclasses-0.8-py3-none-any.whl", "Collecting zipp>=0.5 (from importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\"->click>=7.1.2->flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/bd/df/d4a4974a3e3957fd1c1fa3082366d7fff6e428ddb55f074bf64876f8e8ad/zipp-3.6.0-py3-none-any.whl", "Collecting typing-extensions>=3.6.4; python_version < \"3.8\" (from importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\"->click>=7.1.2->flask)", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/45/6b/44f7f8f1e110027cf88956b59f2fad776cca7e1704396d043f89effd3a0e/typing_extensions-4.1.1-py3-none-any.whl", "Installing collected packages: zipp, typing-extensions, importlib-metadata, click, itsdangerous, MarkupSafe, Jinja2, dataclasses, Werkzeug, flask", "Successfully installed Jinja2-3.0.3 MarkupSafe-2.0.1 Werkzeug-2.0.3 click-8.0.4 dataclasses-0.8 flask-2.0.3 importlib-metadata-4.8.3 itsdangerous-2.0.1 typing-extensions-4.1.1 zipp-3.6.0"], "version": null, "virtualenv": null} PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************* node1 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$
此时，在节点上面查看 python 包的情况：
[root@node1 ~]# pip3 list click==8.0.4 dataclasses==0.8 Flask==2.0.3 importlib-metadata==4.8.3 itsdangerous==2.0.1 Jinja2==3.0.3 MarkupSafe==2.0.1 pip==9.0.3 setuptools==39.2.0 typing-extensions==4.1.1 Werkzeug==2.0.3 zipp==3.6.0 [root@node1 ~]#
可以看到 Flask 包及其依赖包已经安装成功了。
4.2 安装多个包
- hosts: node1 tasks: - name: Install multi python packages with version specifiers ansible.builtin.pip: name: - flask==2.0.0 - bottle==0.11.1 executable: pip3 become: yes
执行剧本：
[ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-playbook pip.yml -v Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file PLAY [node1] *********************************************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************* ok: [node1] TASK [Install multi python packages with version specifiers] *********************************************************** changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "cmd": ["/bin/pip3", "install", "flask==2.0.0", "bottle==0.11.1"], "name": ["flask==2.0.0", "bottle==0.11.1"], "requirements": null, "state": "present", "stderr": "WARNING: Running pip install with root privileges is generally not a good idea. Try `pip3 install --user` instead.\n", "stderr_lines": ["WARNING: Running pip install with root privileges is generally not a good idea. Try `pip3 install --user` instead."], "stdout": "Collecting flask==2.0.0\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/bf/73/9180d22a40da68382e9cb6edb66a74bf09cb72ac825c130dce9c5a44198d/Flask-2.0.0-py3-none-any.whl (93kB)\nCollecting bottle==0.11.1\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/22/2d/9c655556710de1eefd4cdd9307320a232e66b347bd445ec241aedf97fbd1/bottle-0.11.1.tar.gz (60kB)\nRequirement already satisfied: Jinja2>=3.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from flask==2.0.0)\nRequirement already satisfied: click>=7.1.2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from flask==2.0.0)\nRequirement already satisfied: Werkzeug>=2.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from flask==2.0.0)\nRequirement already satisfied: itsdangerous>=2.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from flask==2.0.0)\nRequirement already satisfied: MarkupSafe>=2.0 in /usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages (from Jinja2>=3.0->flask==2.0.0)\nRequirement already satisfied: importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from click>=7.1.2->flask==2.0.0)\nRequirement already satisfied: dataclasses; python_version < \"3.7\" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from Werkzeug>=2.0->flask==2.0.0)\nRequirement already satisfied: typing-extensions>=3.6.4; python_version < \"3.8\" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\"->click>=7.1.2->flask==2.0.0)\nRequirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\"->click>=7.1.2->flask==2.0.0)\nInstalling collected packages: flask, bottle\n Found existing installation: Flask 2.0.3\n Uninstalling Flask-2.0.3:\n Successfully uninstalled Flask-2.0.3\n Running setup.py install for bottle: started\n Running setup.py install for bottle: finished with status 'done'\nSuccessfully installed bottle-0.11.1 flask-2.0.0\n", "stdout_lines": ["Collecting flask==2.0.0", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/bf/73/9180d22a40da68382e9cb6edb66a74bf09cb72ac825c130dce9c5a44198d/Flask-2.0.0-py3-none-any.whl (93kB)", "Collecting bottle==0.11.1", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/22/2d/9c655556710de1eefd4cdd9307320a232e66b347bd445ec241aedf97fbd1/bottle-0.11.1.tar.gz (60kB)", "Requirement already satisfied: Jinja2>=3.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from flask==2.0.0)", "Requirement already satisfied: click>=7.1.2 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from flask==2.0.0)", "Requirement already satisfied: Werkzeug>=2.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from flask==2.0.0)", "Requirement already satisfied: itsdangerous>=2.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from flask==2.0.0)", "Requirement already satisfied: MarkupSafe>=2.0 in /usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages (from Jinja2>=3.0->flask==2.0.0)", "Requirement already satisfied: importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from click>=7.1.2->flask==2.0.0)", "Requirement already satisfied: dataclasses; python_version < \"3.7\" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from Werkzeug>=2.0->flask==2.0.0)", "Requirement already satisfied: typing-extensions>=3.6.4; python_version < \"3.8\" in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\"->click>=7.1.2->flask==2.0.0)", "Requirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from importlib-metadata; python_version < \"3.8\"->click>=7.1.2->flask==2.0.0)", "Installing collected packages: flask, bottle", " Found existing installation: Flask 2.0.3", " Uninstalling Flask-2.0.3:", " Successfully uninstalled Flask-2.0.3", " Running setup.py install for bottle: started", " Running setup.py install for bottle: finished with status 'done'", "Successfully installed bottle-0.11.1 flask-2.0.0"], "version": null, "virtualenv": null} PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************* node1 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$
可以看到安装成功。
此时，在节点上查看包的情况：
[root@node1 ~]# pip3 list bottle==0.11.1 click==8.0.4 dataclasses==0.8 distlib==0.3.6 filelock==3.4.1 Flask==2.0.0 importlib-metadata==4.8.3 importlib-resources==5.4.0 itsdangerous==2.0.1 Jinja2==3.0.3 MarkupSafe==2.0.1 pip==9.0.3 platformdirs==2.4.0 setuptools==39.2.0 typing-extensions==4.1.1 virtualenv==20.17.1 Werkzeug==2.0.3 zipp==3.6.0 [root@node1 ~]#
可以看到，虽然之前安装了高版本的 Flask，此处安装低版本 Flask 时会自动卸载高版本的 Flask==2.0.3。
4.3 在虚拟环境下安装包
- hosts: node1 tasks: # Install (Bottle) into the specified (virtualenv), inheriting none of the globally installed modules - name: Install package in virtualenv ansible.builtin.pip: name: - bottle==0.11.1 virtualenv: /my_app/venv become: yes
运行剧本会提示找不到可执行文件 virtualenv：
[ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-lint pip.yml [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-playbook pip.yml -v Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file PLAY [node1] *********************************************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************* ok: [node1] TASK [Install package in virtualenv] *********************************************************************************** fatal: [node1]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "Failed to find required executable virtualenv in paths: /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin"} PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************* node1 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$
指定一下 virtualenv 可执行程序路径：
- hosts: node1 tasks: # Install (Bottle) into the specified (virtualenv), inheriting none of the globally installed modules - name: Install package in virtualenv ansible.builtin.pip: name: - bottle==0.11.1 virtualenv_command: /usr/local/bin/virtualenv virtualenv: /my_app/venv become: yes
再次执行剧本：
[ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-playbook pip.yml -v Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file PLAY [node1] *********************************************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************* ok: [node1] TASK [Install package in virtualenv] *********************************************************************************** changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "cmd": ["/my_app/venv/bin/pip", "install", "bottle==0.11.1"], "name": ["bottle==0.11.1"], "requirements": null, "state": "present", "stderr": "", "stderr_lines": [], "stdout": "created virtual environment CPython3.6.8.final.0-64 in 607ms\n creator CPython3Posix(dest=/my_app/venv, clear=False, no_vcs_ignore=False, global=False)\n seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=bundle, setuptools=bundle, wheel=bundle, via=copy, app_data_dir=/root/.local/share/virtualenv)\n added seed packages: pip==21.3.1, setuptools==59.6.0, wheel==0.37.1\n activators BashActivator,CShellActivator,FishActivator,NushellActivator,PowerShellActivator,PythonActivator\nLooking in indexes: http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/simple\nCollecting bottle==0.11.1\n Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/22/2d/9c655556710de1eefd4cdd9307320a232e66b347bd445ec241aedf97fbd1/bottle-0.11.1.tar.gz (60 kB)\n Preparing metadata (setup.py): started\n Preparing metadata (setup.py): finished with status 'done'\nBuilding wheels for collected packages: bottle\n Building wheel for bottle (setup.py): started\n Building wheel for bottle (setup.py): finished with status 'done'\n Created wheel for bottle: filename=bottle-0.11.1-py3-none-any.whl size=76243 sha256=6e2381242a7438d1c50c49ce757e762491a9fe2036e1d4e52981a3d7e4b17723\n Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/ac/37/50/4c8f13aed6beb3310781cf78ed031489e5b72a87226e6cc610\nSuccessfully built bottle\nInstalling collected packages: bottle\nSuccessfully installed bottle-0.11.1\n", "stdout_lines": ["created virtual environment CPython3.6.8.final.0-64 in 607ms", " creator CPython3Posix(dest=/my_app/venv, clear=False, no_vcs_ignore=False, global=False)", " seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=bundle, setuptools=bundle, wheel=bundle, via=copy, app_data_dir=/root/.local/share/virtualenv)", " added seed packages: pip==21.3.1, setuptools==59.6.0, wheel==0.37.1", " activators BashActivator,CShellActivator,FishActivator,NushellActivator,PowerShellActivator,PythonActivator", "Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/simple", "Collecting bottle==0.11.1", " Downloading http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/pypi/packages/22/2d/9c655556710de1eefd4cdd9307320a232e66b347bd445ec241aedf97fbd1/bottle-0.11.1.tar.gz (60 kB)", " Preparing metadata (setup.py): started", " Preparing metadata (setup.py): finished with status 'done'", "Building wheels for collected packages: bottle", " Building wheel for bottle (setup.py): started", " Building wheel for bottle (setup.py): finished with status 'done'", " Created wheel for bottle: filename=bottle-0.11.1-py3-none-any.whl size=76243 sha256=6e2381242a7438d1c50c49ce757e762491a9fe2036e1d4e52981a3d7e4b17723", " Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/ac/37/50/4c8f13aed6beb3310781cf78ed031489e5b72a87226e6cc610", "Successfully built bottle", "Installing collected packages: bottle", "Successfully installed bottle-0.11.1"], "version": null, "virtualenv": "/my_app/venv"} PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************* node1 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 [ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$
可以看到，执行成功了。
在节点上检查一下：
[root@node1 ~]# cd /my_app/venv/ [root@node1 venv]# source bin/activate (venv) [root@node1 venv]# pip list bottle==0.11.1 pip==21.3.1 setuptools==59.6.0 wheel==0.37.1 (venv) [root@node1 venv]# python -V Python 3.6.8
可以看到，能够正常启动虚拟环境，并且通过 pip list 查看到 bottle 包已经安装成功了。
