009、gdisk命令
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gdisk分区命令
GPT fdisk(由gdisk、cgdisk、sgdisk和fixparts程序组成)是一组用于Linux、FreeBSD、Mac OS X和Windows的文本模式分区工具。gdisk、cgdisk和sgdisk程序在全局惟一标识符(GUID)分区表(GPT)磁盘上工作,而不是在旧的(也是最常见的)主引导记录(MBR)分区表上工作。fixparts程序修复MBR磁盘的某些类型的损坏,并允许将分区类型从主分区更改为逻辑分区,反之亦然。这个命令用来对GPT分区进行操作,请不要在MBR分区上操作,先通过parted /dev/sdb print 命令查看分区表的类型(/dev/sdb换成要操作的磁盘)。

如果相了解更多内容可以查看这个网站:http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/

现在大部分发行版都默认自带了gdisk,如果没有自带自行安装,CentOS7-1810、Debian9.5搜索软件gdisk安装,openSUSE15搜索gptfdisk 安装

一、gdisk参数使用方法:

gdisk 设备名

使用这个命令前应该先用lsblk命令查看系统上可用的磁盘,因为这个命令不能查看系统上可用的磁盘有那些。

root@debian:~# gdisk /dev/sdc            #对/dev/sdc进行分区
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1            #GPT fdisk版本
Partition table scan:                  #分区表扫描:
MBR: not present                 #MBR:不存在
BSD: not present                  #BSD:不存在
APM: not present                 #APM:不存在
GPT: not present                  #GPT:不存在

Creating new GPT entries.             #创建新的GPT条目

Command (? for help): ?                 #输入?号查看可用的指令
b   back up GPT data to a file                       #将GPT数据备份到文件中
c   change a partition's name                     #更改分区的名称
d   delete a partition                         #删除分区
i   show detailed information on a partition         #将显示分区的详细信息
l   list known partition types                   #列出已知的分区类型
n   add a new partition                  #添加一个新的分区
o   create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)       #创建一个新的空GUID分区表(GPT)
p   print the partition table                  #打印分区表
q   quit without saving changes               #不保存更改就退出
r   recovery and transformation options (experts only)      #恢复和转换选项(仅限专家使用)
s   sort partitions                      #分类分区
t   change a partition's type code                 #更改分区的类型
v   verify disk                       #验证磁盘
w   write table to disk and exit                   #将表写入磁盘并退出
x   extra functionality (experts only)           #额外功能(仅限专家使用)
?   print this menu                   #查看可用的指令

Command (? for help):

二、gdisk交互模式磁盘分区

1、新建分区
root@debian:~# gdisk /dev/sdc       #对磁盘/dev/sdc进行分区
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.1                               #GPT fdisk版本

Partition table scan:
MBR: not present
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: not present

Creating new GPT entries.           #自动创建GPT分区表

Command (? for help): n              #输入n新建分区,默认已经创建了分区表
Partition number (1-128, default 1):     #输入分区号,直接回车就行,默认为1
First sector (34-10485726, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:       #输入起始扇区,直接回车就行,默认2048最前面开始
Last sector (2048-10485726, default = 10485726) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +1G          #这里输入新增分区的大小可以通过扇区数来增加,也可以通过+size{KMGTP}方式来增加,这里要增加1G的容量就表示为+1G
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):               #这里要求输入分区的类型,直接回车就行,也可以输入l回车查看所有分区的类型
Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'
2、查看剩余可用的空间等信息
Command (? for help): p                     #输入p查看创建的分区
Disk /dev/sdc: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB         #磁盘总容量
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): AC08E842-007B-4604-9545-B0BFF427F928 #分区类型为GPT
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 8388541 sectors (4.0 GiB)          #磁盘可用剩余空间

Number    Start (sector)   End (sector)    Size      Code    Name
1        2048       2099199    1024.0 MiB   8300    Linux filesystem        #已经创建的分区
3、删除分区
Command (? for help): d        #输入d删除分区
Partition number (1-2): 2       #删除分区2
4、修改分区类型
Command (? for help):  l

0700 Microsoft basic data  0c01 Microsoft reserved    2700 Windows RE          
4200 Windows LDM data      4201 Windows LDM metadata  7501 IBM GPFS            
7f00 ChromeOS kernel       7f01 ChromeOS root         7f02 ChromeOS reserved   
8200 Linux swap            8300 Linux filesystem      8301 Linux reserved      
8e00 Linux LVM             a500 FreeBSD disklabel     a501 FreeBSD boot        
a502 FreeBSD swap          a503 FreeBSD UFS           a504 FreeBSD ZFS         
a505 FreeBSD Vinum/RAID    a580 Midnight BSD data     a581 Midnight BSD boot   
a582 Midnight BSD swap     a583 Midnight BSD UFS      a584 Midnight BSD ZFS    
a585 Midnight BSD Vinum    a800 Apple UFS             a901 NetBSD swap         
a902 NetBSD FFS            a903 NetBSD LFS            a904 NetBSD concatenated 
a905 NetBSD encrypted      a906 NetBSD RAID           ab00 Apple boot          
af00 Apple HFS/HFS+        af01 Apple RAID            af02 Apple RAID offline  
af03 Apple label           af04 AppleTV recovery      af05 Apple Core Storage  
be00 Solaris boot          bf00 Solaris root          bf01 Solaris /usr & Mac Z
bf02 Solaris swap          bf03 Solaris backup        bf04 Solaris /var        
bf05 Solaris /home         bf06 Solaris alternate se  bf07 Solaris Reserved 1  
bf08 Solaris Reserved 2    bf09 Solaris Reserved 3    bf0a Solaris Reserved 4  
bf0b Solaris Reserved 5    c001 HP-UX data            c002 HP-UX service       
ed00 Sony system partitio  ef00 EFI System            ef01 MBR partition scheme
ef02 BIOS boot partition   fb00 VMWare VMFS           fb01 VMWare reserved     
fc00 VMWare kcore crash p  fd00 Linux RAID 

回车可以查看更多的信息,其中8200为Linux swap分区、8300为Linux分区、8e00为LinuxLVM分区

Command (? for help): t        #输入t更改分区类型,这里输入l也可以查看分区的类型
Partition number (1-2): 2      #输入要更改的分区
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00     #输入分区类型的编号
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'               #更改成功

Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 170FC283-67F2-4188-A687-6882B68F3C3C
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 8388540 sectors (4.0 GiB)

Number    Start (sector)    End (sector)    Size        Code    Name
1        2048       2099199     1024.0 MiB    8300    Linux filesystem
2        2099200      2099200      512 bytes       8E00    Linux LVM       #更改成功

Command (? for help):
5、更改分区名称
Command (? for help): c                             #输入c更改分区名称
Partition number (1-2): 2                            #输入要更改的分区
Enter name: pv1 LVM                                    #输入更改后的名称

Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 170FC283-67F2-4188-A687-6882B68F3C3C
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 8388540 sectors (4.0 GiB)

Number    Start (sector)   End (sector)    Size      Code    Name
1       2048        2099199     1024.0 MiB   8300    Linux filesystem
2       2099200       2099200      512 bytes     8E00    pv1 LVM             #分区名称已经更改

Command (? for help):
6、保存修改的结果
Command (? for help): w          #输入w保存配置,如果不想保存可以输入q退出
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y              #问你是否相想继续,输入y继续
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdc.
The operation has completed successfully.         #写入成功
root@debian:~#
谨此笔记,记录过往。凭君阅览,如能收益,莫大奢望。
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